新浪新聞資訊，記者（楊編輯）獲悉：【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】環(huán)氧樹脂防腐鋼管廣泛適用于飲水艙、水管道、水箱、水塔等供水設(shè)備的內(nèi)壁涂裝及砂糖、谷物的貨艙內(nèi)使用。也可作為游泳池、發(fā)電廠冷卻塔及成裝燃料油、汽油的金屬、混凝土的內(nèi)壁涂層大口徑直縫焊管主要生產(chǎn)流程說(shuō)明：用來(lái)制造大口徑埋弧焊直縫鋼管的鋼板進(jìn)入生產(chǎn)線后，首先進(jìn)行全板超聲波檢驗(yàn),通過銑邊機(jī)對(duì)鋼板兩邊緣進(jìn)行雙面銑削，使之達(dá)到要求的板寬、板邊平行度和坡口形狀,利用預(yù)彎?rùn)C(jī)進(jìn)行板邊預(yù)彎，使板邊具有符合要求的曲率,在JCO成型機(jī)上首先將預(yù)彎后的鋼板【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】的一半經(jīng)過多次步進(jìn)沖壓，壓成"J"形，再將鋼板的另一半同樣彎曲，壓成"C"形，*形成開口的"O"形,使成型后的直縫焊鋼管合縫并采用氣體保護(hù)焊（MAG）進(jìn)行連續(xù)焊接,采用縱列多絲埋弧焊（*多可為四絲）在直縫鋼管內(nèi)側(cè)進(jìn)行焊接,采用縱列多絲埋弧焊在直縫埋弧焊鋼管外側(cè)進(jìn)行焊接,對(duì)直縫焊鋼管內(nèi)外焊縫及焊縫兩側(cè)母材進(jìn)行100%的檢查,X射線檢查,對(duì)內(nèi)外焊縫進(jìn)行100%的X射線工業(yè)電視檢查，采用圖象處理系統(tǒng)以保證探傷的靈敏度,對(duì)埋弧焊直縫鋼管全長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行擴(kuò)徑以提【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】高鋼管的尺寸精度，并改善鋼管內(nèi)應(yīng)力的分布狀態(tài),水壓試驗(yàn)：在水壓試驗(yàn)機(jī)上對(duì)擴(kuò)徑后的鋼管進(jìn)行逐根檢驗(yàn)以保證鋼管達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的試驗(yàn)壓力，該機(jī)具有自動(dòng)記錄和儲(chǔ)存功能,將檢驗(yàn)合格后的鋼管進(jìn)行管端加工，達(dá)到要求的管端坡口尺寸,再次逐根進(jìn)行超聲波檢驗(yàn)以檢查直縫焊鋼管在擴(kuò)徑、水壓后可能產(chǎn)生的缺陷,對(duì)擴(kuò)徑和水壓試驗(yàn)后的鋼管進(jìn)行X射線工業(yè)電視檢查和管端焊縫拍片,進(jìn)行此項(xiàng)檢查以發(fā)現(xiàn)管端缺陷,合格后的鋼管根據(jù)用戶要求進(jìn)行防腐和涂層。【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】
鋼廠的經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】來(lái)自成品和原料的價(jià)格波動(dòng)。所以，部分鋼廠和鋼管廠設(shè)立了期貨部，利用鐵礦石、焦煤、焦炭、熱卷、螺紋鋼期貨對(duì)沖上述風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
據(jù)某鋼廠期貨部門相關(guān)人士介紹，企業(yè)自有焦化廠，正常情況可實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足，但去年下半年以來(lái)，由于利潤(rùn)良好，他們重啟了1座小高爐，以至于焦炭供應(yīng)出現(xiàn)缺口。目前，其在河北、山西采購(gòu)少量二級(jí)焦炭，但由于價(jià)格偏高，采購(gòu)動(dòng)力不足，焦炭廠內(nèi)庫(kù)存保持2—3天即可。焦煤則以長(zhǎng)協(xié)為主，供應(yīng)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定。不過，由于擔(dān)心運(yùn)力和天氣原因造成貨源緊張，企業(yè)制定了冬儲(chǔ)計(jì)劃。
“現(xiàn)貨貨源緊缺、采購(gòu)困難時(shí)，我們會(huì)考慮在期貨市場(chǎng)適當(dāng)買入，構(gòu)建虛擬原料庫(kù)存。待現(xiàn)貨采購(gòu)到位，再進(jìn)行期貨平倉(cāng)。”上述鋼廠期貨部門相關(guān)人士說(shuō)。
期貨日?qǐng)?bào)記【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】者發(fā)現(xiàn)，企業(yè)不僅利用期貨工具進(jìn)行資源調(diào)配，還利用基差貿(mào)易助力企業(yè)發(fā)展。
據(jù)某大型鋼廠負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，該企業(yè)主要產(chǎn)品有熱軋、冷軋、中板、螺紋鋼，且自有鐵礦礦山，自給率在50%。目前，鐵礦石價(jià)格在原料市場(chǎng)中相對(duì)低廉，盡管擁有鐵【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】礦資源，也不占優(yōu)勢(shì)。鋼廠鐵礦石采購(gòu)以進(jìn)口、自產(chǎn)、周邊礦為主。結(jié)合自身需求，他們?nèi)ツ陣L試了鐵礦石基差貿(mào)易，以鐵礦石1805合約為標(biāo)的合約，點(diǎn)價(jià)期是2017年12月29日—2018年1月29日。最終，以540元/噸的價(jià)格平倉(cāng)500手，順利完成套保。
田遠(yuǎn)鵬表示，目前，鋼廠和鋼管廠普遍都在利用期貨工具進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，只是各家的利用程度存在差異。部分企業(yè)停留在對(duì)原料的套保上，也有部分企業(yè)對(duì)基差貿(mào)易進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新。通常，基差貿(mào)易是由賣方確定基差，由買方點(diǎn)價(jià)。而在某企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)中，基于雙方的業(yè)務(wù)合作意向，由作為買方的鋼廠讓渡點(diǎn)價(jià)權(quán)，獲得基差制定權(quán)，充分體現(xiàn)了基差貿(mào)易的靈活性。
基差貿(mào)易與鐵礦石現(xiàn)貨貿(mào)易中使用的“現(xiàn)貨指數(shù)+基差”類似，符合實(shí)體企業(yè)的貿(mào)易習(xí)慣和經(jīng)營(yíng)需求。通過大量產(chǎn)業(yè)客戶和投資者公開交易生成的期貨價(jià)格更為公開公正透【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】明，鐵礦石期貨市場(chǎng)良好的流動(dòng)性也有利于企業(yè)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)價(jià)和對(duì)沖。
除了期貨業(yè)務(wù)，也有鋼廠嘗試了場(chǎng)外期權(quán)業(yè)務(wù)。今年4月以來(lái)，鐵礦石供需相對(duì)平衡，價(jià)格波動(dòng)明顯弱化，場(chǎng)外期權(quán)權(quán)利金處于合理水平，在此期間買入鐵礦石看漲期權(quán)，以較低的費(fèi)用就可以鎖定原料價(jià)格上漲的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
“原料套保和基差貿(mào)易對(duì)鋼廠穩(wěn)定收益、提升經(jīng)營(yíng)及生產(chǎn)能力具有積極意義。”田遠(yuǎn)鵬說(shuō)。
According to Sina News, the reporter (Yang Editor) learned that the epoxy resin anticorrosive steel pipe is widely used in drinking water tanks, water pipes, water tanks, water towers and other water supply equipment, as well as in the use of sugar and cereal cargo hold. It can also be used as swimming pool, cool【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】ing tower of power plant and inner wall coated large diameter straight seam welded pipe of fuel oil, gasoline and concrete. The main production process of the steel plate used to manufacture large diameter submerged arc welded straight seam steel pipe is explained. After entering the production line, the whole plate is inspected by ultrasonic wave, and the two edges of the steel plate are inspected by milling machine. Double-sided milling, so as to meet the requirements of the width of the plate, edge parallelism and groove shape,【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】 the use of pre-bending machine edge pre-bending, so that the edge of th【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】e plate has the required curvature, in the JCO molding machine, the first half of the pre-bended steel plate through a number of stepping stamping, pressing into the "J" shape, and then the other half of the plate bending the same, pressing into the "C" shape. 8727 The base metal on both sides of the weld is inspected by 100% X-ray, the inside and outside welds are inspected by 100% X-ray industrial television, and the sensitivity of inspection is guaranteed by image processing system. The full length of submerged arc welded straight-seam steel pipe is enlarged to improve the dimensional accuracy of the pipe and the stress distribution in the pipe. The test machine inspects the enlarged steel pipe one by one to ensure that the steel pipe meets the test pressure required by the standard. The machine has the function of automatic recording and storage. The te【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】sted steel pipe is processed to meet【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】 the required pipe end groove size. The ultrasonic inspection is carried out one by one to inspect the diameter enlargement and hydraulic pressure of the straight seam welded steel pipe. Possible defects after the expansion and hydraulic test of the steel pipe X-ray industrial television inspection and tube end weld photography, this inspection to find the tube end defects, qualified steel pipe according to user requirements for corrosion protection and coating.
The risk of steel mills mainly comes from the price fluctuation of finished products and raw materials. Therefore, some steel mills and steel pipe mills have set up futures departments, using iron ore, coking coal, coke, hot coil, screw steel futures to hedge the above risks.
According to the futures Department of a steel plant, the normal state of the enterprise's own coking plant can achieve self-sufficiency, but since the second half of last year, due to good profits, they restarted a small blast furnace, so that coke supply gap. At present, it purchases a small amount of secondary coke in Hebei and Shanxi, but because of the high price and insufficient purchasing power, the coke plant inventory can be maintained for 2-3 days. Coking coal is mainly based on long association, and the supply is relatively stable. However, due to worries about transport capaci【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】ty and weather caused by tight supply, the company formulated a winter storage plan.
10 When the spot purchase is in place, the futures will be closed. The steel futures Department said.
Reporters of Futures Daily found that enterprises not only use futures tools for resource allocation, but also use the basis trade to promote enterprise development.
According to the person in charge of a large steel plant, the main products of the enterprise are hot-rolled, cold-rolled, medium plate, screw steel, and its own iron mine, self-sufficiency rate of 50%. At present, the price of iron ore in the raw material market is relatively low, despite the iron ore resources, is not dominant. Iron ore purchase in steel mills is mainly imported, self produced and surrounding mines. Combined with their own needs, they tried iron ore base trade last year, with iron ore 1805 contract as the subject of the contract, the price period is December 29, 2017 - January 29, 2018. Finally, the 500 guarantees were closed at the price of 540 yuan / ton, which successfull【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】y completed the hedging.
At present, steel mills and steel pipe mills are generally using futures tools for risk management, but there are differences in the degree of utilization. Some enterprises remain on the hedging of raw materials, and some enterprises have made innovations in the basis trade. Usually, the basis trade is determined by the seller and the price is determined by the buyer. In the business of an enterprise, based on the intention of business coopera【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】tion between the two sides, the steel mill as the buyer transfers the point price right and obtains the base deviation formulation right, which fully embodies the flexibility of base trade.
_basis trade is similar to the "spot index + base difference" used in iron ore spot trade, which conforms to the trade habits and operational needs of the real enterprises. The futures prices generated by a large number of industrial customers and investors are more open, fair and transparent, and the good liquidity of iron ore futures market is also conducive to enterprises to price and hedge.
Besides the futures business, steel companies also tried out the options business. Since April of this year, the supply and demand of iron ore has been relatively balanced, the price fluctuation has been weakened obviously, and the OTC option premium is at a reasonable level. During this period, the risk of rising raw material prices can be locked in by buying iron ore call options at a lower cost.【勝倉(cāng)管業(yè) 高經(jīng)理13730570531 QQ：2927372564】
“原料套保和基差貿(mào)易對(duì)鋼廠穩(wěn)定收益、提升經(jīng)營(yíng)及生產(chǎn)能力具有積極意義。” Tian Yuanpeng said.
