流沙地層 正循環鉆機

一、動力頭正循環鉆機的用途及技術性能

      DZJ-1500型正循環鉆機是將動力部分懸掛在鉆架滑道內，并作上下滑動而進行鉆孔工作的一種回轉鉆機，是灌注樁的理想成孔機械。它兼于潛水鉆機和磨盤鉆機于一身，同時配有三種變速齒輪，可變換（31轉、66轉、93轉）三種速度，鉆機在成孔速度，鉆頭壓力、護臂，成孔垂直度適合地層環境等，得到大幅度提高從而使該鉆機的使用性更強，適合地層更廣泛。同時大幅度的降低了使用和維修成本，它適合淤泥、粘土、砂、礫、風化巖、頁巖等多種復雜地層的鉆孔施工。被廣泛應用于建筑、水利、港口、電力、電訊、工程降水、水井、橋梁等工程基礎施工中。

Application and technical performance of the power head positive circulation drilling rig

DZJ-1500 type positive circulation drilling is: the power head drill frame hanging in the slideway, the drilling work by sliding up and down. Is the ideal cast-in-place pile drilling rig. At the same time with three kinds of transmission gears, can transform (31, 66, 93 RPM) three speed, drill in the hole drill speed, pressure and mud hole verticality, armguards, suitable for the formation environment, has been greatly improved. Therefore, the utility model has the advantages that the utility model is more suitable for the formation. At the same time, the utility model has the advantages of greatly reducing the use and maintenance cost, and is suitable for the drilling of a plurality of complex formations such as silt, clay, sand, gravel, weathered rock, shale, etc.. Is widely used in construction, water conservancy, ports, electricity, telecommunications, engineering dewatering, wells, bridges and other engineering foundation construction.

技術參數 technical parameter

二、動力頭正循環鉆機構造及原理
鉆機構造

1、DZJ-1500型正循環鉆機是由底盤、鉆架、電機、減速機、主卷揚、副卷揚、液壓油泵、油缸、泥漿泵、配電、鉆桿及鉆頭組成。

2、電機為Y系列普通電機

3、減速機為四軸三級正齒輪、減速。三種轉速，31、66、93轉，變速方式為變速齒輪變速。

4、密封：主軸采用Y型橡膠油封，其余為骨架油封。

工作原理

1.鉆機的行走及轉向，均由液壓系統組成，通過操作手柄控制，使它完成步履式前進、后退行走及轉向調頭。

2.電機通過減速機將動力傳至輸出軸，帶動鉆桿和鉆頭進行切削，并通過泥漿泵以中心送水的方式將被切削下來的渣土由井孔內排進漿池，同時泥漿通過沉淀后又經泥漿泵進入循環。

Two, the structure and principle of the power head positive cycle drilling rig

Rig structure

1, DZJ-1500 type circulation drill is composed of a chassis, drill frame, motor, reducer, hoist, hoist, hydraulic pump, cylinder side, mud pump, power distribution, drill pipe and drill bit.

2, the motor for the Y series ordinary motor

3, reducer for the four axis of the three positive gear, deceleration, centimeter speed of three, 31, 66, 93 rpm, variable speed gear transmission.

4, seal: the main shaft using Y type rubber seal, the rest of the skeleton oil seal.

Working principle

1 rig walking and turning, are composed of the hydraulic system controlled by the operating handle, make it complete walking forward and backward walking and turning.

2 motor through reducer, the power is transmitted to the output shaft, drive the drill pipe and drill cutting, and through the mud pump, in the center of water will be cutting down waste, from the well bore into the slurry tank, and mud by precipitation, and the mud pump into the circulation.

三、鉆機的操作與維修

1.鉆機到工地后，接好場地電纜，啟動油泵，升起鉆架，用螺栓固定好鉆架法蘭。

2.行走及轉向時，應升起井口板，對位完成后落下井口板，裝好鉆頭進行工作。

3.接鉆桿時，用副卷揚鉆桿吊起，鉆桿外絲放在下邊母絲扣內，上邊母扣對準小鉆桿的外絲扣，卷揚機慢放，進入母絲扣內后，點動主機，正轉，確認上下絲扣上好后，提起鉆桿，打開小門，放下鉆桿，當接頭通過小門后，應及時合上小門，進行工作，以保證鉆孔的垂直度和防止鉆桿擺動。

4.工作時要根據地層情況和主機電流來變換鉆進速度。主機電流一般不要長期超過65（安倍）

 5.卸鉆桿時，先將卸扣器裝到小鉆桿上，在裝上兩個大銷子。

6.卸扣器對準套入下邊鉆桿母后，點動主機（正轉）確定套好后，卷揚將鉆桿提到一定高度，小門關閉，放下鉆桿，使鉆桿落入下卸扣器槽內，點動主機（反轉）即可卸開接頭，馬上用副卷固定鉆桿，工作人員同時用手扶住鉆桿，這時方可提起動力頭，鉆桿即被卸掉，重復以上即可正常工作。

   7.主機和卷揚要經常檢查油位，如果缺油應及時補充。

   8.鉆機工作時，應隨時監視電器儀表，發生有異常響聲，應立即停機檢查，不可帶病作業，所有緊固件隨時檢查防止松動。

   9.鉆進速度應根據地層情況變化而變化，控制主機電液壓在額定范圍內慢慢鉆進。

  10.液壓手柄的操作要先慢后快。（視場地情況而定），如果操作過快會損壞部件及發生危險。

  11.操作人員應經常查看油路是否漏油，注意不要掛，壓油管，以免損壞影響工作。

  12.如鉆機長時間停用，應將油缸收回或用油布包好。

  13.鉆機累計進尺5000米時，應進行保養，維修。

Three, rig operation and maintenance

1 after drilling rig to the site, connect the site cable, start the oil pump, raise the drill frame, fix the drill frame flange with bolts.

2 walking and turning, should rise well plate, fulfill down wellhead board, install the bit work.

3 connecting the drill pipe, confirm the connection after the lift pipe, open the wellhead plate, put down the drill pipe, when the connector through the wellhead board, should be promptly closed wellhead plate, to work, to ensure the verticality and prevent rod swing.

4 work according to the situation and the host current to change the drilling speed. The main current generally do not exceed 65 (ABE)

5 remove the drill pipe, shackle installed to the small drill pipe, the plug pin two.

6 shackle alignment below drill pipe nut, move the host (forward) to determine the connected, hoist lifting pipe, wellhead plate closes, put down the drill pipe, drill pipe into the groove under the shackle, open the switch, you can remove the (reverse) drill pipe, drill pipe immediately fixed with an auxiliary winding, staff help hold the drill pipe, then lift the power head, repeat the above can work normally.

7 host and winch should always check the oil level, if the lack of oil should be added.

8 drill work, be ready to monitor electrical instrumentation, occurrence of abnormal noise, should immediately stop check, check all fasteners, prevent loosening.

9 drilling speed, according to the geological conditions, the control host slowly drilling in the rated voltage range.

10 hydraulic handle operation, going from slow to fast. (depending on the site), if the operation is too fast, it will damage the components and danger.

11 operators should always check whether the oil spill, do not hang, pressure pipe, so as not to damage the influence of work.

12 such as drill captain time should be stopped, cylinder recovered, wrapped in oilcloth.

Rig 13 total footage of 5000 meters, should carry out maintenance, maintenance.

四、安全操作規程

1.本機操作人員必須經過訓練，了解本機的技術性能和操作要求，熟悉安全操作規程，方能上機操作，不得酒后操作，嚴禁開機打盹。

2.注意檢查卷揚機的離合及剎車是否靈活可靠，鋼絲繩是否有斷絲、斷股現象，如有斷絲、斷股應及時更換，卷揚機嚴禁帶病作業。

3.每班開機前操作人員應詢問上班工作狀況，如有問題應及時處理，方可開機工作。

  拆卸鉆桿時應集中精力，清除內、外絲扣上的雜物，經常加油，保證聯結可靠。

  Four, safety operation procedures

1 the operator must be trained to understand the technical performance and operating requirements of the machine, familiar with the safety operation procedures, can operate on the computer, not drunk operation, work can not sleep.

2 note check and clutch brake is flexible and reliable, the wire rope is broken wire breaking phenomenon, such as a broken wire, broken strands should be replaced, is strictly prohibited to work in spite of winch.

3 when the shift, should explain the working condition, if the problem should be dealt with in time, before starting work.

Remove the drill pipe should concentrate on removing internal and external threads on the debris, often come on, to ensure reliable connection.

六、配電系統
1.配電箱是鉆機的配套設備，它適用于額定電壓380V,頻率50HZ,三相交流供電電網。
2.使用條件
A.空氣溫度不大于85%
B.海拔高度不超過1000米
C.網絡電壓波動不大于-5%--+5%
3.箱體采用戶外式結構，進出線均設在箱體底部。
  場地電源接好后，合上漏保開關，控制按鈕即可正常工作。
Six, power distribution system
1. The distribution box is supporting equipment  rig for to the rated voltage 380V, frequency 50Hz, three-phase AC power supply.
 2. Using conditions
A.air temperature not greater than 85%
B.sea level height of not more than 1000 meters
C. network voltage fluctuation is less than -5% of the +5%.
D.After the site power is connected, close the leakage protection switch, the control button can work normally 。